Skip to main content

進行第一次系統升級、調校及安裝基礎套件

1 基本升級
 

在安裝完基礎系統後，需進行基本的升級工作，建議使用安裝過程式的一般用戶名稱登入，並使用 sudo 指令進行系統更新作業。

$ sudo apt update

一樣第一次會請你輸入 sudo 的密碼：

[sudo] password for ossii:

輸入正確的密碼後，就會以 Root 身份執行 apt update 的工作了，接下來會出現類似於以下的訊息。

Hit:1 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:2 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Hit:4 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
41 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

接下來請執行以下指令：

$ sudo apt upgrade

然後接著會出現要升級的套件資訊，如下所示：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  libfwupdplugin1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libfwupdplugin5 libmbim-glib4 libmbim-proxy libmm-glib0 libqmi-glib5 libqmi-proxy modemmanager
  usb-modeswitch usb-modeswitch-data
The following packages will be upgraded:
  alsa-ucm-conf apt apt-utils bolt command-not-found fwupd fwupd-signed isc-dhcp-client
  isc-dhcp-common kmod landscape-common libapt-pkg6.0 libc-bin libc6 libfwupd2 libjcat1 libkeyutils1
  libkmod2 libnetplan0 libnss-systemd libpam-systemd libsystemd0 libudev1 locales login netplan.io
  open-vm-tools passwd python3-commandnotfound python3-distupgrade sbsigntool snapd sosreport
  systemd systemd-sysv systemd-timesyncd ubuntu-advantage-tools ubuntu-release-upgrader-core udev
  unattended-upgrades update-notifier-common
41 upgraded, 9 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 59.8 MB of archives.
After this operation, 17.3 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 按下 Y 鍵開始下載更新

第一次更新完請重新開機，指令如下：

$ sudo reboot
2 安裝基礎套件
 

基本上會建議安裝以下常用的基本套件，這樣在之後的管理工作上會比較簡單，這份清單會隨著時間更新，列表及說明如下：


Back to top